Side Effects
Treatments for blood cancers, such as chemotherapy, radiation, targeted therapy, immunotherapy, and stem cell transplant, can be very effective but may also cause side effects. These vary from person to person and can affect daily life, but most can be managed with proper care and medical support. Understanding potential side effects helps patients prepare and cope better during treatment.
Common Short-Term Side Effects
- Fatigue and weakness due to low blood counts.
- Nausea, vomiting, or loss of appetite.
- Hair loss (temporary, mainly with chemotherapy).
- Skin rashes, mouth sores, or dryness.
- Infections from lowered immunity.
Long-Term or Delayed Side Effects
- Heart or lung problems depending on the drugs used.
- Fertility issues or hormonal changes.
- Increased risk of secondary cancers (rare but possible).
- Bone thinning or joint pain.
- Cognitive effects such as memory or concentration difficulties ("chemo brain").
Managing Side Effects
- Medications to reduce nausea, infections, or pain.
- Blood transfusions or growth factors to improve counts.
- Nutritious diet and adequate hydration.
- Physical activity and rest balance to manage fatigue.
- Psychological support through counseling or support groups.
When to Call Your Doctor
- High fever or persistent infections.
- Unusual bleeding or bruising.
- Severe pain, chest discomfort, or shortness of breath.
- Sudden weight loss or extreme fatigue.
- Any new or rapidly worsening symptoms.